Monday, July 28, 2008

How did people feel about HIV aids in the time period 1955-1987

How did people feel about HIV aids in the time period 1955-1987?

STDs - 6 Answers
Random Answers, Critics, Comments, Opinions :
1 :
AIDS was very rare if at all in the 60's it hit around the late 60's then in the 70's. Every one thought they were going to die. It was like the Bubonic plague hitting. No one really knew what was going to happen. I remember in the early 70's three cases that hit out biggest city in the area, they had no idea what to do with these people.
2 :
I think the major scare was in the late 70s and early 80s. I know someone who had a baby around this time and there was a mass panic - my baby picked up a cup in a restaurant! He's going to get aids! And - omg my baby touched a door handle! No one really knew how it was transmitted and it was a very scary time for people. A lot of rumours were going around about how it could be caught from kissing or touching someone's hand.
3 :
First confirmed case of a person dying from HIV/AIDS complications was Robert R. from Missouri in North America in 1969, but his cause of death was not confirmed until 1984. In the early 80s, HIV/AIDS was not what it was today. It was gay men in NYC and San Francisco who were dying from a rare form of pneumonia (PCP) at a high rate from an unknown disease, that was later termed GRID (gay-related immunodeficiency disease), and would eventually be called HIV/AIDS. There was not the "panic" that set in with the early 90s, but it was getting there.
4 :
A lot of people even today have the same attitude about HIV/AIDS as they would have done in the early 80's.
5 :
it really wasn't prevalent until the late 70s. and the majority of folks thought that it was a gay men's disease. but we all know now that's not the case.
6 :
Scientists think that HIV has been around since the turn of the last century,and some think from the 1930's. In the 80's people thought that HIV was a disease of gay men and iv drug users.When Rock Hudson became infected people took HIV seriously.There was no public knowledge of HIV between 1955 and 1977. There was and still is stigma associated with HIV.




Read more discussions :

Thursday, July 24, 2008

HIV/Aids is a killer disease,you want to have children with another man, what do you do

HIV/Aids is a killer disease,you want to have children with another man, what do you do?
You met a man for the first time and he proposed marriage to you. You have never had children before but you have it in mind that aids exists but you would not want to miss the opportunity of getting married. What would you do?
STDs - 7 Answers
Random Answers, Critics, Comments, Opinions :
1 :
Sperm Wash! look it up
2 :
Both of you should be tested for the virus, and when you both get a clean bill of health and decide to be committed...then you should be safe
3 :
Sexually active smart people (an oxymoron, eh?) these days are tested every 6 months. Assuming a monogamous relationship, testing will need to continue for at least 12 months after that. See if he can be monogamous long enough for a 12 month engagement with no sex. If he can't make it that long, he'll never make it long enough to bother getting married (much less raising children). Tip: I doubt you will find Mr. Right in a bar
4 :
both of you get the test. if positive, make the decision. if negative, then go for it.
5 :
Both of you should get tested for every STD under the sun before entering into a sexual relationship.
6 :
insemenated with his sperm.
7 :
Does this man have Aids, or do you? If you are worried about contracting the disease both of you get a STD test and make sure you are in a commited relationship because a negative STD test result means nothing if one of you is still sleeping with other people.



Read more discussions :

Sunday, July 20, 2008

How does HIV/AIDS work in the body

How does HIV/AIDS work in the body?

STDs - 6 Answers
Random Answers, Critics, Comments, Opinions :
1 :
The virus weakens the immune system. The door is then opened for all kinds of diseases to come in, and the body can't fight them. That's how people die from it.
2 :
HIV enters macrophages and CD4+ T cells by the adsorption of glycoproteins on its surface to receptors on the target cell followed by fusion of the viral envelope with the cell membrane and the release of the HIV capsid into the cell. The interactions of the trimeric envelope complex and both CD4 and a chemokine receptor (generally either CCR5 or CXCR4 but others are known to interact) on the cell surface. The gp160 spike contains binding domains for both CD4 and chemokine receptors. The first step in fusion involves the high-affinity attachment of the CD4 binding domains of gp120 to CD4. Once gp120 is bound with the CD4 protein, the envelope complex undergoes a structural change, exposing the chemokine binding domains of gp120 and allowing them to interact with the target chemokine receptor. This allows for a more stable two-pronged attachment, which allows the N-terminal fusion peptide gp41 to penetrate the cell membrane. Repeat sequences in gp41, HR1 and HR2 then interact, causing the collapse of the extracellular portion of gp41 into a hairpin. This loop structure brings the virus and cell membranes close together, allowing fusion of the membranes and subsequent entry of the viral capsid. Once HIV has bound to the target cell, the HIV RNA and various enzymes, including reverse transcriptase, integrase and protease, are injected into the cell. HIV can infect dendritic cells (DCs) by this CD4-CCR5 route, but another route using mannose-specific C-type lectin receptors such as DC-SIGN can also be used. DCs are one of the first cells encountered by the virus during sexual transmission. They are currently thought to play an important role by transmitting HIV to T cells once the virus has been captured in the mucosa by DCs. Replication and transcription Once the viral capsid enters the cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase liberates the single-stranded (+)RNA from the attached viral proteins and copies it into a complementary DNA of 9 kb size. This process of reverse transcription is extremely error-prone and it is during this step that mutations may occur. Such mutations may cause drug resistance. The reverse transcriptase then makes a complementary DNA strand to form a double-stranded viral DNA intermediate (vDNA). This vDNA is then transported into the cell nucleus. The integration of the viral DNA into the host cell's genome is carried out by another viral enzyme called integrase. This integrated viral DNA may then lie dormant, in the latent stage of HIV infection. To actively produce the virus, certain cellular transcription factors need to be present, the most important of which is NF-κB (NF kappa B), which is upregulated when T cells become activated. This means that those cells most likely to be killed by HIV are in fact those currently fighting infection. In this replication process, the integrated provirus is copied to mRNA which is then spliced into smaller pieces. These small pieces produce the regulatory proteins Tat (which encourages new virus production) and Rev. As Rev accumulates it gradually starts to inhibit mRNA splicing. At this stage, the structural proteins Gag and Env are produced from the full-length mRNA. The full-length RNA is actually the virus genome; it binds to the Gag protein and is packaged into new virus particles. HIV-1 and HIV-2 appear to package their RNA differently; HIV-1 will bind to any appropriate RNA whereas HIV-2 will preferentially bind to the mRNA which was used to create the Gag protein itself. This may mean that HIV-1 is better able to mutate (HIV-1 infection progresses to AIDS faster than HIV-2 infection and is responsible for the majority of global infections). Assembly and release The final step of the viral cycle, assembly of new HIV-1 virons, begins at the plasma membrane of the host cell. The Env polyprotein goes through the endoplasmic reticulum and is transported to the Golgi complex where it is cleaved by protease and processed into the two HIV envelope glycoproteins gp41 and gp120. These are transported to the plasma membrane of the host cell where gp41 anchors the gp120 to the membrane of the infected cell. The Gag and Gag-Pol polyproteins also associate with the inner surface of the plasma membrane along with the HIV genomic RNA as the forming virion begins to bud from the host cell. Maturation either occurs in the forming bud or in the immature virion after it buds from the host cell. During maturation, HIV proteases cleave the polyproteins into individual functional HIV proteins and enzymes. The various structural components then assemble to produce a mature HIV virion. This cleavage step can be inhibited by protease inhibitors. The mature virus is then able to infect another cell. EA
3 :
HIV is Human Immunodeficiency Virus and AIDS is Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome. HIV is the Factor which leads to a condition known as AIDS. The HIV is of several type but mostly their mode of action is same. They come under the class of Retro Virus. They contain RNA as their genetic material. They are having one enzyme known as Reverse transcriptase. This enzyme help them to form DNA fro RNA. This DNA then get attached to the Human DNA or may be present as it is in the cell and utilizes the nutrients (proteins, nuclic acids, amino acids) in the human cell to produce large number of replicates/clone. They maily affect the Immune system. As the person gets immuno compromise, there is a high chances to have other diseases side by side. So, AIDS is not a single disease it is the Syndrome which comprises of several diseases due to the deficiency of immune factors in the Body.
4 :
hiv make my immune cell of type (t) tired and this cell cannot treated to another virus
5 :
hiv is spread when blood, semen, or vaginal fluids from an infected person enter someone else's body. Once a person becomes infected, the virus attacks and gradually weakens his or her immune system. Aids is the last phase in HIV disease, when the body is no longer able to fight infection or disease. Without treatments, AIDS develops in most people in 12 to 13 years after they first become infected with HIV. With treatment, AIDS may be delayed fo many more years.
6 :
A healthy body is equipped with CD4 helper lymphocyte cells (CD4 cells). These cells help the immune system function normally and fight off certain kinds of infections. They do this by acting as messengers to other types of immune system cells, telling them to become active and fight against an invading germ. HIV attaches to these CD4 cells, infects them, and uses them as a place to multiply. In doing so, the virus destroys the ability of the infected cells to do their job in the immune system. The body then loses the ability to fight many infections. Because their immune systems are weakened, people who have AIDS are unable to fight off many infections, particularly tuberculosis and other kinds of otherwise rare infections of the lung (such as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia), the surface covering of the brain (meningitis), or the brain itself (encephalitis). People who have AIDS tend to keep getting sicker, especially if they are not taking antiviral medications properly. AIDS can affect every body system. The immune defect caused by having too few CD4 cells also permits some cancers that are stimulated by viral illness to occur — some people with AIDS get forms of lymphoma and a rare tumor of blood vessels in the skin called Kaposi's sarcoma. Because AIDS is fatal, it's important that doctors detect HIV infection as early as possible so a person can take medication to delay the onset of AIDS.



Read more discussions :

Wednesday, July 16, 2008

AM I INFECTED WITH HIV AIDS, PLZ READ MY PROBLEM, I AM BEGGING YOU

AM I INFECTED WITH HIV AIDS, PLZ READ MY PROBLEM, I AM BEGGING YOU?
I use my frnd's blood sugar checker device, are these instruments spread hiv aids? am i infected?
Diabetes - 4 Answers
Random Answers, Critics, Comments, Opinions :
1 :
Did you use the same thing to poke your finger that your friend did? Or did you use they same strip they did? Does your friend have HIV? If your friend has HIV and you didnt use the same poker or strip as them i wouldnt worry about it. But if they do have HIV and you did use the same poker or strip then you should go get checked out.
2 :
Assuming your friend has HIV / AIDS, there's a small chance of that happening if all you have done is test your blood sugar. But it is possible. If you are using the same insulin syringes as your friend and he/she are HIV / AIDS positive, there is even a stronger possibility, especially if it has happened repeatedly. If you are truly worried about it, see your doctor and explain the situation & have them administer a test. Or, see your local free clinic & they can do the same. That's the only way to truly know, although, from the little you have stated, it seems as if there is a very small chance of you having contracted HIV / AIDS.
3 :
If your friend doe not have HIV then you can't get it. Even if he does , thereis a small possibility. Try this :Coconut oil is anti-viral, anti-bacterial and anti-fungal in the originating plant, in our gut and in our blood. Reducing seed oil consumption and using coconut milk or coconut oil as the dietary staple is reversing viral loads in HIV, eliminating all types of herpes virus and reducing or preventing other viral diseases including the yearly 'flus' and measles. The antiviral effect seems to be against lipid-enveloped viruses and is due to the presence of lauric acid in coconut oil. Lauric acid from coconut oil, coconut milk and fresh or cooked coconut meat, at 24gm daily for adults, may be an effective aid in the destruction of lipid-enveloped viruses such as HIV, HHV-6 (strains A and B), EBV, CMV and herpes. This treatment may be used continuously as viral resistance or immune system adaption is not expected to develop. Good luck Tin
4 :
EVEn if your friend has HIV/AIDS and you get infected by using his syringe, the infection will not show before 3 months. so wait 3 months then go get checked.



Read more discussions :

Saturday, July 12, 2008

How can I help hiv/aids

How can I help hiv/aids?
My heart hurts for my brother. He just go out of the hospital. He was diagnosed with Lymphoma cancer. I later found out he has hiv/aids. Its hurts me to even type it. He hasn't told me about the hiv/aids but has told me about the cancer. He is now living with me because he can't work. I don't know what to do. I don't know how much longer he has to live. I just need advice. It so hard watching him suffer
STDs - 2 Answers
Random Answers, Critics, Comments, Opinions :
1 :
Omg im so sorry for you and your brother... But there is hope if he only has hiv get him on meds right away because hiv doesnt kill and sometimes you can be diagnosed with hiv and it will never turn into aids. Meanwhile for the cancer have him go through the surgerys that can help him keep him as healthy as possible and exercise with him keep him happy this may not be the end of the road for him. Also in case he does get to the posin where he may die get him to talk to god pray for him and ask god to keep him in good care. No matter what even if he does die just remeber he will be happy out of pain and you wil see him on the other side. BUT REMEMBER HE DOESNT HAVE TO DIE HE CAN MAKE IT!
2 :
I'm very sorry to hear about your brother's illness. It is obviously at a late stage. I believe prayer, if he is religious, may help him deal with this but he is going to die. We all will die and the circumstances will be slightly different for us all. Your brother will want and need your support and your love. You can ask at the hospital or your doctor's office for any local support group, for you. He may be interested, depending on how sick he is, in living the lest part of his life in a hospice, and you can ask about that too if it seems appropriate right now. Treat him as your brother, not as a dying man. Don't ignore the fact that he is very ill and likely dying but don't make that the main focus of your time with him. Talk about your life just as you did before- he's still interested in your life and that of any other family you have. You can talk to his doctor about pain management and keep in touch with any and all people or groups who can help you help him. Many people have been where you are now and some of them will be willing to help you and your brother. Ask around.




Read more discussions :

Tuesday, July 8, 2008

What is the probability (roughly) of contracting HIV/AIDS from an infected man when orally pleasing him

What is the probability (roughly) of contracting HIV/AIDS from an infected man when orally pleasing him?
As the question states, I'm pretty sure it can be contracted... but is it a "sure-go" (100% chance of getting) or is there a chance that it can be avoided? Thanks
STDs - 8 Answers
Random Answers, Critics, Comments, Opinions :
1 :
You run the risk every single you blow him. The only way out is to suck him through a condom.
2 :
Using a condom will significantly decrease the risk of transmitting HIV/AIDS or any other STD the individual might have.
3 :
Orally? Unless there is a cut in your mouth or you are very rough so as to cause very tiny cuts, very very low. It is transmitted through bodily fluids, so you'd actually have to take his fluids into your bloodstream for you to contract it. I'm not sure if you can get it from swallowing semen, but I'd say no. (Though I'm hedging my bets)
4 :
I'd say 90%. Everyone has very small cuts in their mouth where the fluids could enter your body. Please, please use a condom.
5 :
Yes, it is possible to become infected with HIV through Oral Sex. In terms of risk, as far as it is known, there has been no research conducted to establish exactly what the rate of transmission is, through oral sex. Some opinions are that oral sex is Low to Medium Risk, while other opinions have rated it as Medium to High Risk. It should be remembered that it is by being exposed to the high risk body fluids of a person infected with HIV and by getting these body fluids into one's bloodstream, that one could become infected with HIV also. The mucus membrane starts at the mouth and lines all our internal organs. Infection can occur when there is injury to the mucus membrane. If the mucus membrane lining is intact i.e., undamaged, HIV cannot be transmitted. This lining is very delicate and can be easily injured. A practical example of how fragile this mucus membrane is: If one were to take a mouthful of hot coffee, the mucus membrane in the mouth would be scalded, become tender and inflamed. This injury could be a place of entry for HIV into the bloodstream, if the person were to engage in unprotected oral sex with an HIV infected partner. It is a known fact that at least 68% of people in any given population has oral disease of one kind or another. Oral disease, such as decayed teeth, mouth ulcers, gingivitis etc causes injury to the mucus membrane in the mouth. Therefore, anyone who has damage to the lining within their mouths could be at risk of contracting HIV infection, were they to be exposed to the high risk body fluids of an infected person during oral sex. For the purpose of oral sex, the high risk fluids are: Blood, Semen and Vaginal fluids. BLOOD: Due to the fact that some of the injuries to one's genitals are often unseen with the naked eye (tiny cuts or hidden sores) one cannot always tell whether the genitals of one's sexual partner is healthy. Therefore one could be taking small amounts of blood into one's mouth without realising it. If one's partner has a sexually transmitted infection on the genitals where there is either a discharge or a sore, one would be exposed to blood, pus etc, which could contain HIV. Other Sexually Transmitted Infections could also be transmitted to the mouth in this way e.g. Blisters (Herpes) or Syphillis or Warts. Fever blisters on the mouth could also be transmitted to the partner's genitals during unprotected oral sex. SEMEN: Since HIV is found in the semen of an HIV infected man, if he were to ejaculate into his partner's mouth, the HIV contained in the ejaculatory semen could infect the partner. VAGINAL FLUID: HIV is known to be found in vaginal fluid, therefore, if a person were to practise oral sex and there was injury to the tongue or mouth (e.g. chapped lips), HIV in the vaginal fluid could be transmitted through the place of injury on the lips or tongue of the partner performing the oral sex on the HIV positive woman.
6 :
Exchange of bodily fluids. Do you really want to take a chance? Give him a hand job instead of a BJ. One thing is certain, if you get AIDS, you WILL die.
7 :
Risk of transmission of HIV through oral sex is very low, but there is some risk.
8 :
There are a lot of things to consider, the viral load of the HIV+ person to start with. Generally we would tell patients in our clinic 1 in 1000.



Read more discussions :

Friday, July 4, 2008

WHat is the government doing to help HIV/AIDS patients? What could they do

WHat is the government doing to help HIV/AIDS patients? What could they do?
I just want to know your ideas for a project.
STDs - 6 Answers
Random Answers, Critics, Comments, Opinions :
1 :
not much under this president, but the Clinton Foundation does a great deal here and abroad. http://www.clintonfoundation.org/cf-pgm-hs-ai-home.htm
2 :
more HIV/AIDS awareness in high schools and middle schools. Some parents don't want their kids to hear lectures on sex related topics, but guess what, that's the age that it's spreading in really quickly
3 :
More awareness and endowment. Most of the people who suffer it find it is very hard for them to buy the medicine to manage it.
4 :
I would be very surprised if they ever find a cure for aids or even cancer there is to many people making millions of $$$$$ " researching" if they find a cure no more $$$ as for the goverment they started it to rid the world of the undesirables why would they want to stop it??
5 :
not enought
6 :
I can only speak on my state, and governor has yet to sign a bill to issue condoms to inmate that is incarcerated. Which is one of the major factor of the spread of HIV/or AIDS in my state.*



Read more discussions :

Tuesday, July 1, 2008

Should we put all the people with hiv/aids on an island

Should we put all the people with hiv/aids on an island?
Try not to get your emotions involved. But wouldn't it be best? If they die on that island, the chances of aids infecting people would be gone. (or SEVERELY decreased)
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgendered - 15 Answers
Random Answers, Critics, Comments, Opinions :
1 :
My answer is NO
2 :
we really need an island for people with ignorant narrowminded points of view
3 :
Who are we to just throw people away, we are no better. They deserve the same life as everyone use.
4 :
that just show how relauctant we r to take our responsibility!!! plz just use safety measures everytime u have sex, put on condom for God sake!!!!!!
5 :
You do realize that island would be mostly populated with straight women? You can't become infected just because someone with HIV dies on your vicinity. People with a terminal illness deserve respect and care, not shunting off somewhere that they're out of sight and out of mind. So no, we should not put them on an island. Besides, nowadays people with AIDS have a very good life expectancy.
6 :
No. Even ignoring the fact that having a terminal illness doesn't nullify your rights, THAT WOULD NEVER WORK!
7 :
Thats a pretty dark solution. Just think how you would feel in that situation.
8 :
...which island?
9 :
its a good way of getting rid of the disease of as u said decrease it severely but it would be discrimination which is wrong lets just say u had aids u wouldnt want to be put on an island good idea but its bad think of how many peoples feelings would be hurt.
10 :
If were going for pure logic, wouldnt it be more effecicint just to kill them on the spot?
11 :
NO. I'd put ignorant people LIKE YOU on an island.
12 :
Even if I was as heartless as you are, I am definitely not as stupid. Do you realize how BIG that island would have to be??? Worldwide, the number of people with HIV is in the TENS OF MILLIONS. I am pretty sure Oahu would be too small.
13 :
An island of jerkoffs, like you, would be more beneficial to the perpetuation of a healthy society.
14 :
Ummm...No. Abandoning all emotion, you are describing a massive human rights violation, one expressly prohibited by things like the constitution. I'm pretty sure the UN has multiple resolutions against things like that. And we cannot abandon our principles for what might be described as a practical, though inhuman, solution. Here's why: 1. It's a slippery slope. First we do it to people with AIDS, then to drug addicts, then to extremists, then to run-of-the-mill dissidents, then to the poor, then to anyone inconvenient to the government. 2. It sounds suspiciously like concentration camps. And I will point out that stopping the holocaust is what makes World War II the single most justifiable war in the history of the human race. 3. Our compassion is what makes us, as humans, human. It's the only thing we have to justify our overpopulation, artificial selection, and rampant ecological destruction. You want to give that up for what, exactly? The opportunity to fuck anyone knowing that they won't have one specific STD?
15 :
Mmmm...... that's funny cause Hitler had the same concept. I guess evil-oops I mean great minds do think alike.



Read more discussions :